Logical

Logical operators are used to combine two or more conditions to determine the logic between values

NOT Operator (!)
- The Not Operator is represented by an exclamation mark (!). It reverses the logical state of its operand. It converts true to false and false to true.
- In this example, the condition x > 5 evaluates to false, but the ! operator reverses it, so the message will be printed.
```
int x = 5;
if (!(x > 5)) {
    printf("x is not greater than 5\n");
}
```
AND Operator (&&)
- The AND Operator is represented by double ampersands (&&). It returns true only if both operands are true. For instance:
- In this case, both x > 5 and y < 10 are true, so the message will be printed.
```
int x = 6, y = 8;
if (x > 5 && y < 10) {
    printf("Both conditions are true\n");
}
```
OR Operator (||)
- The OR Operator is represented by double pipes (||). It returns true if at least one of the operands is true.
- In this example, x > 5 is false, but y < 10 is true, so the message will still be printed.
```
int x = 3, y = 12;
if (x > 5 || y < 10) {
    printf("At least one condition is true\n");
}
```

Short-curcuiting

Short-circuiting refers to a feature of logical operators in programming languages that prevents unnecessary computation when the result of an expression becomes determinable based on earlier parts of the expression.

Specifically, for the OR operator (||), short-circuiting means that once a true value is found among the operands, the entire expression returns true without evaluating subsequent operands.

Conversely, for the AND operator (&&), short-circuiting means that once a false value is found among the operands, the entire expression returns false without evaluating subsequent operands

Any non-zero value in case of C is considered as True

Order of precedence:

NOT > AND > OR

Learnings

Logical